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Fibroids Non-cancerous growths called fibroids in or around the womb can affect fertility. In this case synthetic FSH by injection or Clomid (Clomiphene citrate) via a pill can be given to stimulate follicles to mature in the ovaries.

Successful Vitrification of Bovine and Human Ovarian Tissue. (PDF, 3 MB) Reproductive BioMedicine Online, 2009. Gracia CR, Sammel MD, Coutifaris C, Guzick DS, Barnhart KT. Epididymal and Testicular Spermatozoa and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection. (PDF, 7 MB) Assisted Reproduction Reviews, 1996.

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Therefore, data estimating the prevalence of infertility cited by various sources differs significantly.[8] A couple that tries unsuccessfully to have a child after a certain period of time (often a short period, but definitions vary) is sometimes said to be subfertile, meaning less fertile than a typical couple. Role of Semen Analysis in Subfertile Couples. (PDF, 250 KB) Fertility and Sterility, 2010. Sperm density Normal sperm density is greater than 20 million sperm/mL. For example, a woman who has a 33-day cycle one month, a 31-day cycle the next, and a 35-day cycle after that, is probably having “normal” periods.

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Algorithm for infertility evaluation. (ART = assisted reproductive technology.) Infertility Evaluation Figure 1. The rising number of obese individuals may be due in part to an energy-rich diet as well as insufficient physical exercise.  In addition to other potential health risks, obesity can have a significant impact on male and female fertility. Infection and Disease: Mumps, tuberculosis, brucellosis, gonorrhea, typhoid, influenza, smallpox, and syphilis can cause testicular atrophy.  A low sperm count and low sperm motility are indicators of this condition.  Also, elevated FSH levels and other hormonal problems are indicative of testicular damage.  Some STDs like gonorrhea and chlamydia can cause infertility by blocking the epididimis or tubes.  These conditions are usually treated by hormonal replacement therapy and surgery in the case of tubular blockage. Twelve months is the lower reference limit for Time to Pregnancy (TTP) by the World Health Organization.[7] a woman over 35 has not conceived after six months of contraceptive-free sexual intercourse.

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Article Sections Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse. Other causes may include: Genetic factors: A man should have an X and Y chromosome. A varicocele is a varicose vein found in the scrotum. Mannitol Induced Central Nervous System Toxicity in Renal Failure. (PDF, 4 MB) Investigative Urology, 1972. If a woman has an ovulation disorder, she may ovulate infrequently or not all.