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Testosterone therapy may allow patients to achieve normal height but does not improve spermatogenesis. Treatment of Secondary Amenorrhea and Oligo-ovulation Once the diagnosis is established and any other endocrinopathy has been excluded, the ovulation induction agent of choice depends on a functioning hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. This includes injuries to the testicles, epididymides, prostate, or the urethra. RE: The Impalpable Testis: A Rational Approach to Management. (PDF, 389 KB) The Journal of Urology, 1979.

DEFINITION OF TERMS Source : Endometriosis & infertility PPT Presentation Summary : Fertility Issues. The fluid comes from the prostate gland, the seminal vesicle, and other sex glands. Effect of male age on fertility: evidence for the decline in male fertility with increasing age.

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Ovulation disorders can be due to: Premature ovarian failure: The ovaries stop working before the age of 40 years. Maternal age Infertility due to age is one of the most common causes of female infertility.

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If it stays in there, complications can develop, such as the rupture of the fallopian tube. Thalassemia Patients with thalassemia have ineffective erythropoiesis and undergo multiple blood transfusions. 8) Unexplained/other: Sometimes a full evaluation does not reveal the cause of infertility. Fertility treatment with donor eggs is usually done using IVF.

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Furthermore, myomas in the uterus lead to occlusions of the lumen and so cause sterility. Blockage of the ejaculatory duct: Sperm can be extracted directly from the testicles and injected into an egg in the laboratory. Testis Biopsy and the Infertile Male. (PDF, 20 MB) Chapter 15 from textbook Office Andrology, 2005. Reduced fecundability in women with prenatal exposure to cigarette smoking. Human menopausal gonadotropins Crowe discovered that the gonads were under the control of the anterior hypophysis. [175] Zondek and Aschheim discovered that FSH and LH were responsible for the development of the gonads in immature animals and confirmed Crowe's work. [135, 136] In the 1930s, ovulation induction was attempted by using gonadotropins from a mare, but its use was discontinued because of the development of antibodies. [176, 177] Borth et al demonstrated the effect of FSH and LH extracted from menopausal urine. [178, 179] Gemzell reported the first ovulation induction using human pituitary gonadotropin in 1958, and the first pregnancy was reported in 1960. [180, 181] Lunenfeld reported preliminary results using hMG; however, in 1963, it was definitely established as a real ovulation induction agent. [182, 183, 184] Human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG [eg, Repronex, Menopur]) contains 75 U of FSH and 75 U of LH per mL, although the concentration may vary among batches (ranges from FSH at 60-90 U and LH at 60-120 U). Male infertility refers to a male’s inability to cause a pregnancy in a fertile female.   Causes vary.   Testing is available.   Medication or surgery. Illegal drugs: Consumption of marijuana and cocaine can lower the sperm count. Chemotherapy: Some types may significantly reduce sperm count. A urinary LH kit is a practical way to monitor these patients. Endometriosis can only be confirmed by surgery, usually laparoscopy. This should be followed by documentation of ovulation via serum progesterone. Laparoscopy for Cryptorchidism. (PDF, 1 MB) The Journal of Urology, 1980.