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A bicornuate uterus can be associated with a history of recurrent miscarriages, and its repair is indicated only if other etiologies for the miscarriage have been excluded (see Surgical intervention below). Both pituitary insufficiency and pituitary excess cause infertility.

Blood, urine, and imaging tests can be done to discover why you are having trouble getting pregnant. Medical conditions Some medical conditions can affect fertility.

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Motility, adhesions and focusses of endometriosis can precisely be assessed by laparoscopy with blue instillation. Mental stress: This may affect female ovulation and male sperm production and can lead to reduced sexual activity. However, varicoceles may lead to impaired testicular spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis, potentially due to an increased intratesticular temperature, reflux of toxic metabolites, and/or germ cell hypoxia as potential causes of these changes, and this appears to be progressive over time.

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As the rate of getting spontaneous pregnancy among infertile or subfertile couples is lower than that among normal fertile population, it is recommended to carry out the following diagnostic, evidence-based, work-up to detect any hidden treatable cause. Algorithm for infertility evaluation. (ART = assisted reproductive technology.) Lifestyle Factors Jump to section + All couples should be counseled to abstain from tobacco use, limit alcohol consumption, and aim for a body mass index less than 30 kg per m2 to improve their chances of natural conception or using assisted reproductive technology.

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Fertility awareness methods are used to discern when these changes occur by tracking changes in cervical mucus or basal body temperature. The chance of a multiple birth is lower with an oral fertility drug. Metformin (Glucophage) is another type of medication that may help you ovulate normally if you have insulin resistance or PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome). 3  Sometimes, a couple who’ve already had a child can have trouble conceiving again. A variety of disorders ranging from hormonal disturbances to physical problems, to psychological problems can cause male infertility.  Although many treatment options are now available, in many cases treatment will not work.  In many instances, male infertility is caused by testicular damage resulting in an inability of the testicle to produce sperm.  Once damaged, the testicle will not usually regain its sperm-making capabilities; this aspect of male infertility is analogous to menopause (though not natural like menopause) for women and cannot usually be treated.  Despite medicine�s limited ability to treat male infertility, many successful treatment options are available for its many causes.  Besides testicular damage, the main causes of male infertility are low sperm production and poor sperm quality.   The Causes of Male Infertility Male infertility has many causes--from hormonal imbalances, to physical problems, to psychological and/or behavioral problems.  Moreover, fertility reflects a man�s �overall� health.  Men who live a healthy lifestyle are more likely to produce healthy sperm.  The following list highlights some lifestyle choices that negatively impact male fertility--it is not all-inclusive: · Smoking--significantly decreases both sperm count and sperm cell motility. · Prolonged use of marijuana and other recreational drugs. · Chronic alcohol abuse. · Anabolic steroid use--causes testicular shrinkage and infertility. · Overly intense exercise--produces high levels of adrenal steroid hormones which cause a    testosterone deficiency resulting in infertility. · Inadequate vitamin C and Zinc in the diet. · Tight underwear--increases scrotal temperature which results in decreased sperm production. · Exposure to environmental hazards and toxins such as pesticides, lead, paint, radiation, radioactive   substances, mercury,  benzene, boron, and heavy metals · Malnutrition and anemia. · Excessive stress! The diagnostic charts, which may be photocopied, provide an unambiguous route to diagnosis of the underlying cause of infertility, whilst the text fully explains and describes the essential clinical tests. The predictive value of hysterosalpingography for tubal and peritoneal infertility factors. In terms of deliveries per egg retrieval, GIFT has a higher success rate than IVF regardless of the woman’s age – approximately 28%. These men are at a higher risk for breast cancer, leukemia, diabetes, empty sella syndrome, and pituitary tumors. There's a link between increased temperature of the scrotum and reduced semen quality, but it's uncertain whether wearing loose-fitting underwear improves fertility.  Testicles The testicles produce and store sperm. These medicines are listed below: sulfasalazine – an anti-inflammatory medicine used to treat conditions such as Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis; sulfasalazine can decrease the number of sperm, but its effects are temporary and your sperm count should return to normal when you stop taking it anabolic steroids – are often used illegally to build muscle and improve athletic performance; long-term abuse of anabolic steroids can reduce sperm count and sperm mobility chemotherapy – medicines used in chemotherapy can sometimes severely reduce sperm production herbal remedies – some herbal remedies, such as root extracts of the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii, can affect the production of sperm or reduce the size of your testicles Illegal drugs, such as marijuana and cocaine, can also affect semen quality. If a woman can get pregnant but keeps having miscarriages or stillbirths, that's also called infertility. NIH: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Start Here Defining Infertility (American Society for Reproductive Medicine) - PDF Infertility (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) Also in Spanish Infertility and Fertility (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development) Infertility FAQ's (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Optimizing Natural Fertility (American Society for Reproductive Medicine) - PDF Also in Spanish Pregnancy Problems? Come and meet us to find out more about how we can help you.