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Ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome [published corrections appear in J Obstet Gynaecol Can. Broekmans FJ, Kwee J, Hendriks DJ, Mol BW, Lambalk CB. Down syndrome These patients have mild testicular dysfunction with varying degrees of reduction in germ cell number. Some causes can be easily detected and treated, whereas others cannot.

Chlamydia test: Chlamydia can affect fertility, but antibiotics can treat it. If a semen analysis is found to be abnormal, generally it is first repeated to confirm the abnormality. For most specimens, the greatest recovery of the motile portion results from separation via centrifugal filtration through a discontinuous density gradient system. At least one open tube is required for IUI, and any sperm abnormality cannot be severe, otherwise the sperm will not be able to swim to and fertilize the egg.

Below are Some More Info on Infertility Rates in India

Here are Some More Details on Infertility Rates in India

About 25% of all infertility is caused by an ovulation disorder. Summary Infertility is a significant medical and social problem affecting couple worldwide. It is a sensitive issue that should be handled with great care with continuous professional counselling. Most young couples will conceive naturally within 2 years. Evaluation of both partners for causes is essential. Treatment depends on the cause, and varies from medical treatment to surgery to ART.

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In patients with nonobstructive azoospermia, retrograde ejaculation can be the etiologic factor. [107] The treatment consists of recovering sperm from a urine sample collected immediately after ejaculation. However, the . clinical management . of the infertility in these patients is difficult Source : Infertility And Sterility PPT Presentation Summary : Infertility and Sterility.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome) and hyperprolactinemia can also cause anovulatory cycles through hormonal imbalances.[1][2] Functional problem[edit] This accounts for around 10-15% of all cases of anovulation. Immunological testing has not been proven to have any value in infertility patients without a history of 2 or more miscarriages. The predictive value of hysterosalpingography for tubal and peritoneal infertility factors. These injections are taken nightly, typically for 5 – 10 days, and act directly on the cells of the ovary to stimulate egg development. Fluctuations in hormone levels can cause: unexplained weight gain severe acne cold feet and hands reduced sex drive or loss of sexual desire nipple discharge facial hair in females thinning hair on the top of the head Underlying medical conditions Other contributing factors that may affect fertility in women include: damage to the fallopian tubes or ovaries premature menopause PCOS endometriosis cancer and cancer treatments Obesity A 2018 study found that obesity might negatively affect reproductive health. Conditions including PCOS, the presence of excess prolactin, or premature ovarian failure can create ovulation disorders.  Tubal occlusion  According to other research, fallopian tube disorders lead to between 35 and 40 percent of infertility cases. 30–32 Other treatment options include antiestrogens and gonadotropin therapy, which showed a trend toward increased live birth rates in a Cochrane review. A thorough physical exam can detect varicocele and give clues to hormone problems. Kidney Transplantation in Inbred Rats. (PDF, 6 MB) The American Journal of Surgery, 1973. ARTICLES FROM THE 2000s Evaluation and Treatment of Male Infertility. (PDF, 17 MB) Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2000. PDF Articles by Decade: 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | 2010s ARTICLES FROM THE 1970s Active Lupus Glomerulitis and Hematoxylin Bodies with Normal Urinalysis. (PDF, 5 MB) The Journal of Urology, 1971. Affected individuals displayed more severe forms of infertility such as azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia.[27] Other causes[edit] Factors that can cause male as well as female infertility are: DNA damage DNA damage reduces fertility in female ovocytes, as caused by smoking,[28] other xenobiotic DNA damaging agents (such as radiation or chemotherapy)[29] or accumulation of the oxidative DNA damage 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine[30] DNA damage reduces fertility in male sperm, as caused by oxidative DNA damage,[31] smoking,[28] other xenobiotic DNA damaging agents (such as drugs or chemotherapy)[32] or other DNA damaging agents including reactive oxygen species, fever or high testicular temperature.[33] The damaged DNA related to infertility manifests itself by the increased susceptibility to denaturation inducible by heat or acid [34] or by the presence of double-strand breaks that can be detected by the TUNEL assay.[35] General factors Diabetes mellitus,[36][37] thyroid disorders,[38] undiagnosed and untreated coeliac disease,[39][40][41][42] adrenal disease[43] Hypothalamic-pituitary factors Hyperprolactinemia Hypopituitarism The presence of anti-thyroid antibodies is associated with an increased risk of unexplained subfertility with an odds ratio of 1. Bhaskar Dutta/Photoshare Clinical definitions Infertility is “a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse.”… (WHO-ICMART glossary1). “Infertility is the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve pregnancy in one year. Chemotherapy Chemotherapy is toxic to actively dividing cells. It has been suggested that infertility be classified as a form of disability.[22] Causes[edit] Immune infertility[edit] Antisperm antibodies (ASA) have been considered as infertility cause in around 10–30% of infertile couples.[23] In both men and women, ASA production are directed against surface antigens on sperm, which can interfere with sperm motility and transport through the female reproductive tract, inhibiting capacitation and acrosome reaction, impaired fertilization, influence on the implantation process, and impaired growth and development of the embryo. In patients with varicocele, there is insufficient evidence to suggest corrective surgery will increase live birth rates, despite improvement in semen analysis results.