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If the sperm are of good quality and the mechanics of the woman's reproductive structures are good (patent fallopian tubes, no adhesions or scarring), a course of ovulation induction maybe used. Success rates reported by various practices that offer ICSI range from 15% to 30% per egg retrieval. Ongoing Pregnancies and Birth after Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection with Frozen-thawed Epididymal Spermatozoa. (PDF, 442 KB) Human Reproduction, 1995. Treatment of Secondary Amenorrhea and Oligo-ovulation Once the diagnosis is established and any other endocrinopathy has been excluded, the ovulation induction agent of choice depends on a functioning hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The Relationship of Abnormal Semen Values to Pregnancy Outcome. (PDF, 770 KB) Chapter 10 from textbook, 1992. Options include intrauterine insemination (also known as IUI) or IVF with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (also known as ICSI).

This similarity is sufficient to achieve binding by estrogen receptors, including the receptors of the hypothalamus. A decreased testosterone level with an increased FSH level points to primary hypogonadism.

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Kennel or cattery management should allow for breeding males to remain cool during the summer. The use of Epididymal and Testicular Sperm for ICSI. (PDF, 1 MB) From IX World Congress on In Vitro Fertilization and Alternated Assisted Reproduction, 1995. Testing for tubal patency and normalcy of the uterine cavity with a hysterosalpingogram The hysterosalpingogram, or HSG is done in order to assess the anatomy of the endometrial cavity of the uterus and the fallopian tubes. Drugs used for both women and men[67] include clomiphene citrate, human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues, aromatase inhibitors, and metformin. Distribution of Spermatogenesis in the Testicles of Azoospermic Men: The Presence of Spermatids in the Testes of Men with Germinal Failure. (PDF, 295 KB) Human Reproduction, 1997. ICSI with Epididymal and Testicular Sperm Retrieval. (PDF, 1 MB) Male Sterility and Motility Disorders: Etiological Factors and Treatment, 1998.

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For example, a woman who has a 33-day cycle one month, a 31-day cycle the next, and a 35-day cycle after that, is probably having “normal” periods. Abnormal sperm: The sperm may have an unusual shape, making it harder to move and fertilize an egg. On Regenerating the Ovary and Generating Controversy. (PDF, 37 KB) Cell, 2005. Microscopic Vasoepididymostomy: Specific Microanastomosis to the Epididymal Tubule. (PDF, 15 MB) Fertility and Sterility, 1978.

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The severity usually depends on how near to the testicles the radiation was aimed. Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE) and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) for Non-obstructive Azoospermia.(PDF, 1 MB) 10th World Congress on In Vitro Fertilization and Assisted Reproduction, 1997. Practice Committee of American Society for Reproductive Medicine in collaboration with Society for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility. Demographic definitions of infertility An inability of those of reproductive age (15-49 years) to become or remain pregnant within five years of exposure to pregnancy. (DHS2) An inability to become pregnant with a live birth, within five years of exposure based upon a consistent union status, lack of contraceptive use, non-lactating and maintaining a desire for a child. (Trends in prevalence4). Varicocele A varicocele is a dilation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus of the scrotum. Women who are at risk, including those on a vegan diet, should ask the doctor about supplements. 21,22 Evaluation of Women Jump to section + The etiology of female infertility can be broken down into ovulation disorders, uterine abnormalities, tubal obstruction, and peritoneal factors. Known uterine fibroids or endometrial polyps: Uterine abnormalities, such as fibroids that indent the endometrial cavity and endometrial polyps, can impair how the endometrium (the lining of the uterus) and embryo interact to lower implantation and pregnancy rates. Before anastomosis, evaluate the patient using HSG and laparoscopy findings to measure how far proximal and distal fragments of the fallopian tubes remain from the tubal ligation. 0 nmol per L]) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH; normal range = 1. Causes include: Surgery: Pelvic surgery can sometimes cause scarring or damage to the fallopian tubes. 17 Evaluation of male infertility starts with a history and physical examination focusing on previous fertility, pelvic or inguinal surgeries, systemic diseases, and exposures.