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The fertilized eggs, now embryos, are allowed to grow and develop in culture media for typically 3 to 5 days. Treatment of Uterine Factors Until in vitro fertilization became available, a patient with congenital absence of the uterus and vagina (Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome) had no chance to have a biologic child. Females[edit] The following causes of infertility may only be found in females. After stimulation, the physician surgically extracts one or more eggs from the ovary, and unites them with sperm in a laboratory setting, with the intent of producing one or more embryos. The testicular-epididymal component includes sperm and comprises about 5% of the ejaculate volume.

Clinical examination Full clinical examination of both partners usually stands for the underlying physical problem [17-22,24-26], (Appendix 2). Immotility of the sperm can be caused by antibodies against the sperm. Optimal sperm conditions Although only one sperm is needed to fertilise your partner’s egg, the enzymes from multiple sperm are needed to break down the egg’s protective barrier. Tubal occlusion is a cause of infertility because an ovulated egg is unable to be fertilized by sperm or to reach the endometrial cavity.

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However, future pregnancy is possible with the other ovary and tube. In men who have the necessary reproductive organs to procreate, infertility can be caused by low sperm count due to endocrine problems, drugs, radiation, or infection. Radiation therapy: This can impair sperm production. Congenital disorders and chryptorchidism (undescended testicles).

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Normal Intrauterine Pregnancy After Reversal of Tubal Sterilization in the Wife and Vasectomy in the Husband.(PDF, 1 MB) Fertility and Sterility, 1978. Dr Barbieri of Harvard Medical School has indicated that cases of anovulation are quite frequent in women with a BMI (body mass index) over 27 kg/m2.[6][7][8] Unfortunately, not only does excess weight have a negative impact on ovulation itself,[9] but also on treatment efficacy and outcomes of ART (assisted reproductive technique).[10][11] Diagnosis[edit] Fertility awareness and LH measurement[edit] Symptoms-based methods of fertility awareness may be used to detect ovulation or to determine that cycles are anovulatory. Electric or vibratory stimulation to achieve ejaculation: Ejaculation is achieved with electric or vibratory stimulation.

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Excess alcohol consumption: This may lower male fertility. Outside pregnancy and lactation, women with high levels of prolactin may have irregular ovulation cycles and fertility problems. Physical Problems A variety of physical problems can cause male infertility.  These problems either interfere with the sperm production process or disrupt the pathway down which sperm travel from the testes to the tip of the penis.  These problems are usually characterized by a low sperm count and/or abnormal sperm morphology.  The following is a list of the most common physical problems that cause male infertility: Variocoele: A varicocele is an enlargement of the internal spermatic veins that drain blood from the testicle to the abdomen (back to the heart) and are present in 15% of the general male population and 40% of infertile men.  These images show what a variocoele looks like externally and internally.  A varicocele develops when the one way valves in these spermatic veins are damaged causing an abnormal back flow of blood from the abdomen into the scrotum creating a hostile environment for sperm development.  Varicocoeles may cause reduced sperm count and abnormal sperm morphology which cause infertility.  Variococles can usually be diagnosed by a physical examination of the scrotum which can be aided by the Doppler stethoscope and scrotal ultrasound.  Varicocoele can be treated in many ways (see treatment section), but the most successful treatments involve corrective surgery. Problems with the female reproductive system can also contribute to fertility issues.Table of contents Causes in men Causes in women Treatment Types Diagnosis Complications Outlook It may be that one partner cannot contribute to conception, or that a woman is unable to carry a pregnancy to full term. More than 60% of sperm should be normal, and less than 2-3% should be immature. Retrograde Ejaculation: Is a condition in which semen is ejaculated into the bladder rather than out through the urethra because the bladder sphincter does not close during ejaculation.  If this disorder is present, ejaculate volume is small and urine may be cloudy after ejaculation.  This condition affects 1. The couple should have sex at least every two days between the 10th and 18th day after the woman starts her period.


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Infertility Kansas City
Infertility Statistics by Age
Infertility Causes Statistics